Plane



Paiement June 19, i923.

HENRY H. HARDINGE,

rasant. f

or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PLANE.

Application led .Tune 14, 1920. Serial No.,38 8',7' 71.

To all whom t may con com.'

' Be it known that I, HENRY Il. HARDINGE,

a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the yfollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to wood working planes but more particularly to the iron ack type intended for use in interior finishing, cabinet making, and other classes of high grade work in which uniformity and accuracy of cut is essential.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a plane which is simple and substan tial in construction, efficient in operation, easy to adjust, and comparatively inexpen-v sive to manufacture.

@Another important object iis to provide means for fine Vand accurate adjustment of the blades both longitudinally and vangularly.

F urther objects are to facilitate assembly and removal of parts; to permit the blade after adjustment to be removed from the body of the plane and reinserted therein without requirin nate lost motion etween the blade and the body;l and to compensate for shortening of .the blade due to repeated grinding.

In planes ofla similar character in use at the present time, the longitudinal adjustment of the bladeis procure-d through an arm pivotally mountedintermediate its ends on ythe/frog. The, upper extremity of su'ch arm works in a slot through the blade and engages with anopening in the cover. The lower extremity of this arm is operated by Van adjusting screw. Thus it will be readily seen that the adjustment is obtained through the cover sovthat when the blade is removed from the cover for honing, the adjustment is lost. Likewise there is considerable lost motion at the cutting edge as the blade lits loosely in the body of the plane. v

-The angular or .lateraladjustment of the l blade has heretofore generally been procured infthis type of plane by apivoted leverwhich lits more orf-less loosely ina slotin the blade and readjustment of the blade is necessary r y every timesuch blade is removed. Further- .more accurate angular adjustment is dithcult to obtain with this structure.

,l Y In the present' invention, the blade is' proreadjustment; to ,elimivided'with a longitudinal slot having aserrated edge" to receive and engage' a"corre spondinglyv 'serrated 'pivoted and elongated adjusting block which completely controls the lmovement 'of the blade both'longitudinally and angularly without any lost motion at the cutting edge.y vThe 'block is advance-d for longitudinal adjustment byjmeansof an 'adjusting screw co-acting therewith. A simf ilaradjusting screw acting between the side walls ofthe body of the ,plane moves the block sidewisein either direction'to provide angular adjustment yfor the blade; The

longitudinal slotin the blade is of consider-` able length so thaty the blade may be advanced relative to the block and 'then moved into engagement therewith -to compensate for the shortening of the blade by repeated grinding.y

The. 'Cartagena' of the blade preferably..-

fits closely between the ends of the sl'ot in the 'base of the body of the `plane and the blade may be removed from the plane and replaced without disturbing the adjustment." In order to facilitate the assembling and disassembling of the plane', Iv have mounted all the operating parts upon the frog.v This permits these parts to be removed from, the

body ofthe plane completely assembled-by merely loosening the screws securing the i frog to the body.

.The` cover plate clamps the blade upon the frog in the usual ymanner but, to aid in theadjustment, I have provided a threeestep binding camso that the blade may be vloose upon the frog or pressed against the frog but capable of'free adjustment thereon or tightly boundthereon.v l

The'many yother objects and advantages of the invention willbe readily evident from the following specilication lwhenread in connection vWiththe accompanying l,drawings illustrating a selected embodiment thereof in a jack planeandin which :-v 1

Fig' l 'is a @met Vertaal Section "of ateliinvention complete,

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3*,3 of Fig. 1,

F igf4 is a section on the line 4 4 of F ig. '1.

Referring to the' drawings, the selected embodiment: ofthe invention ;is shown to comprise a body 5 providedwith 'an operating handle 6 and a front grlp or knob' 7 secured thereto infthe usual manner. Side interposed between `the clamping plate rests loosely on the cover.

walls 8 are formed on the base 9 of the body locking lever 17 is pivotally secured to the P upper end of the clamping plate and is provided with three binding faces 18, 19 and 20 located at diiferent radial distances from the pivot of the locking lever. When the face 18 is in engagement with the flat spring 21 thelever and the cover When the lever `is adjusted to cause face 19 to engage the spring a slight pressure is produced on the cover plate which permits ready adjustment of the blade but prevents free movement thereof. Adjusting the lever to the position shown Fig. 1 with face'20 inengagement with the spring tightly binds the blade upon the face ofthe frog.

The blade is adjusted longitudinally on l the inclined face of the frog by means of a .block 22 which carries a plate 23 with seryrated, edgesto engage the corresponding .-serrations on the edges of the longitudinal slot 24 in the blade. This adjusting block 22 has a reduced portion 22 which projects through slot 25 in the inclined face ofthe frog and the serrated plate 23 is of greater width than the slot and rests upon said face.

A rivet 27 forms a pivotal connection between the adjusting plate and the block. Oppositely vdisposed links 29 connect the block 22 with the upper extremity of the adjusting member 30. An adjusting screw 31 passes freely through thismember 30 and its lower threaded end 32 likewise passesfreely through the body of the frog and engages the tapped hole 34 in the cylindrical block 35 seated in a recess 36 in the frog. A sleeve 37 is provided on the screw 31 between the member 30 andthe frog,.and a coiled ifabove the collar 48 thereon.

39 is arranged on this sleeve.

n lower extremity lof the adjusting` member 30 has formed thereon depending perforated lugs 40 and 41 through which passes the lateral adjusting screw 42 which forms a pivot for said member and has a threaded portion 43 fitting within the tapped opening in the lug 40. The opposite extremities of this adjusting screw extend through openings 44 in rearwardly projecting -lugs 45 of the frog and they closely -abut the inner faces of the side walls 8 of the body of the plane. A milled head 46 isfastened upon the adjusting vscrew 42 between lugs 40A and 41 for opera-ting the screw. similar milled head'y 47 is secured upon the upper extremity of the adjusting screw 31 v The cover 14 and the blade 13 are secured vtogether by a Sprms The screw 49 provided with a large head 50 lying within the enlarged lower end of the slot 25 in the inclined wall of the frog.

The blade 13 is 'advanced longitudinally by turning the head 47, causing the adjustfv ing screw 31A to move longitudinally and rocking the adjusting member 30 forwardly on the adjusting screw ivotal mounting therefor. This forward rocking ofthe member 30 carries the block 22 forwardly and thereby moves the blade downwardly on the inclined face of the frog, the serrated plate 24 on this block being in of the blade. Vhen the head 47 is rotated in reverse direction, to move the adjusting screw 31 rearwardly, the adjusting member will be rocked rearwardly by the spring 39 and the blade will "be, moved upwardly Von the inclinedface of the frog.

To angularly or laterally adjust the blade, the head 46 is turned in the proper direction to cause a corresponding lateral movement of the adjusting member 30, due to. the en- O`agement of the threaded portion 43 of the passes is of suficie'nt size top rmit the small y relative angular movement which takes place when the blade is advance-d, and also the lateral movement of the member 30 relative to the screw 31 when the member is moved laterally for sidewise or angular ad- 'but prefer to provide a4V 42 which forms a` locking engagement with the serrated edges v 42 with the tapped hole in thelug'40, u The screw 42 is prevented from longitudinal j ustment. The upward projection 22 of the block 22 is suflicientlysmaller than the 5 slot -25 in the frog so that the block 22 andthe.

serrated plate 24 secured thereto may'move laterally with the'member'30 andthus move the upper vportion of the blad-e laterally.

The lower or cutter end of theblade 13 fits substantially snugly between the 'end edges of the transverse slot 51 in the basepof 'the body and this prevents lost motion at the cutting end of the blade in`v adjusting-the blade. On 4account of the pivotal connection between the plate 2'3 vand rthe block22,this plate is free to swing yangularly. withthe blade. As the blade is worn 'away byrepeated grin-ding, compensation therefor fis' procured by moving thev adjusting screw rearwardly inthe mannerdescribed, lifting 24, advancing the bla'de the-desired amount, and then lplacing the blade: upon the frog. yThe'serrations "on the block will 'now engage a new setof lserrations on the blade. v'This may be repeated as of-ten as necessary V.and thus one blademay'be -used forfa long period.

'the blade Aclear of the serrationson the block Thus it will be seen that the blade is easily and accurately adjustable both longitudinally and laterally or angularly and there is no opportunity for play or lost motion between the parts. The lateral adjusting screw permits accurate angular adjustment and all adjustment is transmitted to the blade by the serrated plate 22. l/Vhen the blade is removed from the plane for honing, the plate 22 remains iXed and no readjustment is necessary when the blade is returned. This is done in the usual manner by placing the plane on a smooth surface, inserting the blade in the slot 5l with its cutting edge restinof upon said surface, and then dropping Ahe blade upon the frog. The serrated edged slot 24 will engage the serrated plate 23 in the adjustment previous to the removal of the blade. The frog with all the operating parts thereon may be removed by merely unscrewing the screws ll which secure it to the body or stock of the plane. I have formed a longitudinal channel 52 in the base of the body in order to lighten the weight of the plane. The spring 39 is constantly under tension between the frog and the adj usting member and takes up all lost motion longitudinally of the bladevand compensates for wear on the screw 32 and nut 35.

I am aware that changes in the form and construction and proportion of parts may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing the advantages of the invention and I reserve the right to `make all such changes as fairly `fall withinthe Scope of the following claims.

I cla-im:v l

l. A plane comprising a body, a frog having an inclined upper wall provided with a longitudinal slot therein, a longitudinally slotted blade resting on said inclined wall, an adjustable block projecting through the slot in said frog and secured to said blade, an adjustable member pivoted at one end to said frog, links connecting the free end of said adjusting member to said block, and means `for moving said adjusting member to effect longitudinal and lateral adjustment of said blade. y

2.y A plane comprising a b'ody, a frog secured thereto, a blade resting on said frog, a cover secured to said blade, a binding screw seated in said frog and projecting through openings in said blade and cover, a locking plate resting on said cover and engaging said binding screw, and a locking lever carried by said locking plate and co-acting with said lever to lock said blade upon said frog, said lever being pivotally mounted on said locking plate and having three operating fac-es at different radial distances from its pivot to provide different binding pressures on said blade.

HENRY H. I-IARDINGE. 

